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<br>The recent revelations of a International Energy Administration whistleblower that the IEA may have misshaped key oil projections under intense U.S. pressure is, if true (and whistleblowers rarely step forward to advance their careers), a slow-burning atomic explosion on future worldwide oil production. The Bush administration's actions in pressing the IEA to underplay the rate of decrease from existing oil fields while overplaying the possibilities of finding new reserves have the prospective to toss governments' long-term preparation into turmoil.<br> |
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<br>Whatever the reality, increasing long term international needs seem particular to overtake production in the next years, particularly offered the high and increasing expenses of establishing new super-fields such as Kazakhstan's offshore Kashagan and Brazil's southern Atlantic Jupiter and Carioca fields, which will require billions in investments before their very first barrels of oil are produced.<br> |
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<br>In such a circumstance, additives and substitutes such as biofuels will play an ever-increasing function by stretching beleaguered production quotas. As market forces and rising prices drive this innovation to the forefront, among the richest prospective production locations has been absolutely ignored by investors already - Central Asia. Formerly the USSR's cotton "plantation," the area is poised to end up being a significant player in the production of biofuels if sufficient foreign investment can be obtained. Unlike Brazil, where [biofuel](https://www.investing.com/equities/mission-newenergy-ltd-company-profile) is produced mostly from sugarcane, or the United States, where it is primarily distilled from corn, Central Asia's ace resource is a native plant, Camelina sativa.<br> |
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<br>Of the previous Soviet Caucasian and Central Asian republics, those clustered around the coasts of the Caspian, Azerbaijan and [Kazakhstan](https://www.zoominfo.com/c/mission-newenergy/346542889) have actually seen their economies boom due to the fact that of record-high energy rates, while Turkmenistan is waiting in the wings as an increasing producer of natural gas.<br> |
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<br>Farther to the east, in Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, geographical seclusion and reasonably little hydrocarbon resources relative to their Western Caspian neighbors have actually largely inhibited their capability to capitalize increasing global energy demands up to now. [Mountainous Kyrgyzstan](https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/0cqd_rb) and Tajikistan remain largely dependent for their electrical requirements on their Soviet-era hydroelectric infrastructure, however their increased requirement to create winter electricity has caused autumnal and winter season water discharges, in turn severely impacting the farming of their western downstream neighbors Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan.<br> |
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<br>What these three downstream nations do have nevertheless is a [Soviet-era tradition](https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/0cqd_rb) of farming production, which in Uzbekistan's and Turkmenistan case was mainly directed towards cotton production, while Kazakhstan, starting in the 1950s with Khrushchev's "Virgin Lands" programs, has become a significant manufacturer of wheat. Based on my discussions with Central Asian government officials, offered the [thirsty](https://biodieselmagazine.com/articles/felda-global-buys-missions-kuantan-port-plant-for-11-5-million-9053) needs of cotton monoculture, foreign propositions to diversify agrarian production towards [biofuel](https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/mission-newenergy) would have excellent appeal in Astana, Ashgabat and [Tashkent](https://www.zonebourse.com/cours/action/MISSION-NEWENERGY-LIMITED-8557641/) and to a lower level Astana for those durable investors going to bank on the future, particularly as a plant indigenous to the region has actually already proven itself in trials.<br> |
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<br>Known in the West as false flax, wild flax, linseed dodder, German sesame and Siberian oilseed, camelina is drawing in increased clinical interest for its oleaginous qualities, with numerous European and American business currently examining how to produce it in commercial amounts for [biofuel](https://www.proactiveinvestors.com.au/ASX:MBT/Mission-NewEnergy-Ltd). In January Japan Airlines carried out a historical test flight using camelina-based bio-jet fuel, becoming the very first Asian carrier to explore flying on fuel originated from sustainable feedstocks throughout a one-hour presentation flight from Tokyo's Haneda Airport. The test was the conclusion of a 12-month assessment of camelina's functional performance ability and potential business practicality.<br> |
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<br>As an alternative energy source, camelina has much to recommend it. It has a high oil content low in hydrogenated fat. In contrast to Central Asia's thirsty "king cotton," camelina is drought-resistant and unsusceptible to spring freezing, needs less fertilizer and herbicides, and can be utilized as a rotation crop with wheat, which would make it of particular interest in Kazakhstan, now Central Asia's significant wheat exporter. Another bonus of camelina is its tolerance of poorer, less fertile conditions. An acre sown with camelina can produce as much as 100 gallons of oil and when planted in rotation with wheat, camelina can increase wheat production by 15 percent. A ton (1000 kg) of camelina will include 350 kg of oil, of which pushing can draw out 250 kg. Nothing in camelina production is squandered as after processing, the plant's debris can be utilized for animals silage. Camelina silage has an especially appealing concentration of omega-3 fatty acids that make it an especially fine animals feed candidate that is recently getting acknowledgment in the U.S. and Canada. Camelina is quick growing, produces its own natural herbicide (allelopathy) and completes well against weeds when an even crop is established. According to Britain's Bangor University's Centre for Alternative Land Use, "Camelina might be an ideal low-input crop appropriate for bio-diesel production, due to its lower requirements for nitrogen fertilizer than oilseed rape."<br> |
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<br>Camelina, a branch of the mustard family, is indigenous to both Europe and [Central Asia](https://www.investing.com/equities/mission-newenergy-ltd-company-profile) and barely a brand-new crop on the scene: archaeological evidence shows it has actually been cultivated in Europe for at least three [centuries](https://biodieselmagazine.com/articles/felda-global-buys-missions-kuantan-port-plant-for-11-5-million-9053) to produce both grease and [animal fodder](https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/MISSION-NEWENERGY-LIMITED-178469/company/).<br> |
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<br>Field trials of production in Montana, currently the center of U.S. camelina research, showed a large range of results of 330-1,700 pounds of seed per acre, with oil content differing between 29 and 40%. Optimal seeding rates have been [determined](https://forest500.org/rankings/companies/mission-newenergy-limited) to be in the 6-8 pound per acre variety, as the seeds' small size of 400,000 seeds per pound can develop issues in germination to achieve an ideal plant density of around 9 plants per sq. ft.<br> |
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<br>Camelina's capacity could enable Uzbekistan to begin breaking out of its most dolorous legacy, the imposition of a cotton monoculture that has distorted the country's efforts at agrarian reform since accomplishing self-reliance in 1991. Beginning in the late 19th century, the Russian government figured out that Central Asia would become its cotton plantation to feed Moscow's growing textile market. The process was sped up under the Soviets. While Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan were also ordered by Moscow to plant cotton, Uzbekistan in particular was singled out to produce "white gold."<br> |
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<br>By the end of the 1930s the Soviet Union had ended up being self-sufficient in cotton |
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