ant-design/components/form/index.en-US.md

category	type	cols	title	cover
Components	Data Entry	1	Form	https://gw.alipayobjects.com/zos/alicdn/ORmcdeaoO/Form.svg

High performance Form component with data scope management. Including data collection, verification, and styles.

When to use

• When you need to create an instance or collect information.
• When you need to validate fields in certain rules.

API

Form

Property	Description	Type	Default	Version
colon	Configure the default value of colon for Form.Item. Indicates whether the colon after the label is displayed (only effective when prop layout is horizontal)	boolean	true
component	Set the Form rendering element. Do not create a DOM node for false	ComponentType | false	form
fields	Control of form fields through state management (such as redux). Not recommended for non-strong demand. View example	FieldData[]	-
form	Form control instance created by Form.useForm(). Automatically created when not provided	FormInstance	-
initialValues	Set value by Form initialization or reset	object	-
labelAlign	The text align of label of all items	left | right	right
labelWrap	whether label can be wrap	boolean	false	4.18.0
labelCol	Label layout, like <Col> component. Set span offset value like {span: 3, offset: 12} or sm: {span: 3, offset: 12}	object	-
layout	Form layout	horizontal | vertical | inline	horizontal
name	Form name. Will be the prefix of Field id	string	-
preserve	Keep field value even when field removed	boolean	true	4.4.0
requiredMark	Required mark style. Can use required mark or optional mark. You can not config to single Form.Item since this is a Form level config	boolean | optional	true	4.6.0
scrollToFirstError	Auto scroll to first failed field when submit	boolean | Options	false
size	Set field component size (antd components only)	small | middle | large	-
validateMessages	Validation prompt template, description see below	ValidateMessages	-
validateTrigger	Config field validate trigger	string | string[]	onChange	4.3.0
wrapperCol	The layout for input controls, same as labelCol	object	-
onFieldsChange	Trigger when field updated	function(changedFields, allFields)	-
onFinish	Trigger after submitting the form and verifying data successfully	function(values)	-
onFinishFailed	Trigger after submitting the form and verifying data failed	function({ values, errorFields, outOfDate })	-
onValuesChange	Trigger when value updated	function(changedValues, allValues)	-

validateMessages

Form provides default verification error messages. You can modify the template by configuring validateMessages property. A common usage is to configure localization:

const validateMessages = {
  required: "'${name}' is required!",
  // ...
};

<Form validateMessages={validateMessages} />;

Besides, ConfigProvider also provides a global configuration scheme that allows for uniform configuration error notification templates:

const validateMessages = {
  required: "'${name}' is Required!",
  // ...
};

<ConfigProvider form={{ validateMessages }}>
  <Form />
</ConfigProvider>;

Form.Item

Form field component for data bidirectional binding, validation, layout, and so on.

Property	Description	Type	Default	Version
colon	Used with label, whether to display : after label text.	boolean	true
dependencies	Set the dependency field. See below	NamePath[]	-
extra	The extra prompt message. It is similar to help. Usage example: to display error message and prompt message at the same time	ReactNode	-
getValueFromEvent	Specify how to get value from event or other onChange arguments	(..args: any[]) => any	-
getValueProps	Additional props with sub component	(value: any) => any	-	4.2.0
hasFeedback	Used with validateStatus, this option specifies the validation status icon. Recommended to be used only with Input	boolean	false
help	The prompt message. If not provided, the prompt message will be generated by the validation rule.	ReactNode	-
hidden	Whether to hide Form.Item (still collect and validate value)	boolean	false	4.4.0
htmlFor	Set sub label htmlFor	string	-
initialValue	Config sub default value. Form initialValues get higher priority when conflict	string	-	4.2.0
label	Label text	ReactNode	-
labelAlign	The text align of label	left | right	right
labelCol	The layout of label. You can set span offset to something like {span: 3, offset: 12} or sm: {span: 3, offset: 12} same as with <Col>. You can set labelCol on Form which will not affect nest Item. If both exists, use Item first	object	-
messageVariables	The default validate field info	Record<string, string>	-	4.7.0
name	Field name, support array	NamePath	-
normalize	Normalize value from component value before passing to Form instance. Do not support async	(value, prevValue, prevValues) => any	-
noStyle	No style for true, used as a pure field control	boolean	false
preserve	Keep field value even when field removed	boolean	true	4.4.0
required	Display required style. It will be generated by the validation rule	boolean	false
rules	Rules for field validation. Click here to see an example	Rule[]	-
shouldUpdate	Custom field update logic. See below	boolean | (prevValue, curValue) => boolean	false
tooltip	Config tooltip info	ReactNode | TooltipProps & { icon: ReactNode }	-	4.7.0
trigger	When to collect the value of children node. Click here to see an example	string	onChange
validateFirst	Whether stop validate on first rule of error for this field. Will parallel validate when parallel cofigured	boolean | parallel	false	parallel: 4.5.0
validateStatus	The validation status. If not provided, it will be generated by validation rule. options: success warning error validating	string	-
validateTrigger	When to validate the value of children node	string | string[]	onChange
valuePropName	Props of children node, for example, the prop of Switch is 'checked'. This prop is an encapsulation of getValueProps, which will be invalid after customizing getValueProps	string	value
wrapperCol	The layout for input controls, same as labelCol. You can set wrapperCol on Form which will not affect nest Item. If both exists, use Item first	object	-

After wrapped by Form.Item with name property, value(or other property defined by valuePropName) onChange(or other property defined by trigger) props will be added to form controls, the flow of form data will be handled by Form which will cause:

1. You shouldn't use onChange on each form control to collect data(use onValuesChange of Form), but you can still listen to onChange.
2. You cannot set value for each form control via value or defaultValue prop, you should set default value with initialValues of Form. Note that initialValues cannot be updated by setState dynamically, you should use setFieldsValue in that situation.
3. You shouldn't call setState manually, please use form.setFieldsValue to change value programmatically.

dependencies

Used when there are dependencies between fields. If a field has the dependencies prop, this field will automatically trigger updates and validations when upstream is updated. A common scenario is a user registration form with "password" and "confirm password" fields. The "Confirm Password" validation depends on the "Password" field. After setting dependencies, the "Password" field update will re-trigger the validation of "Check Password". You can refer examples.

dependencies shouldn't be used together with shouldUpdate, since it may result in conflicting update logic.

dependencies supports Form.Item with render props children since 4.5.0.

shouldUpdate

Form updates only the modified field-related components for performance optimization purposes by incremental update. In most cases, you only need to write code or do validation with the dependencies property. In some specific cases, such as when a new field option appears with a field value changed, or you just want to keep some area updating by form update, you can modify the update logic of Form.Item via the shouldUpdate.

When shouldUpdate is true, any Form update will cause the Form.Item to be re-rendered. This is very helpful for custom rendering some areas:

<Form.Item shouldUpdate>
  {() => {
    return <pre>{JSON.stringify(form.getFieldsValue(), null, 2)}</pre>;
  }}
</Form.Item>

You can ref example to see detail.

When shouldUpdate is a function, it will be called by form values update. Providing original values and current value to compare. This is very helpful for rendering additional fields based on values:

<Form.Item shouldUpdate={(prevValues, curValues) => prevValues.additional !== curValues.additional}>
  {() => {
    return (
      <Form.Item name="other">
        <Input />
      </Form.Item>
    );
  }}
</Form.Item>

You can ref example to see detail.

messageVariables

You can modify the default verification information of Form.Item through messageVariables.

<Form>
  <Form.Item messageVariables={{ another: 'good' }} label="user">
    <Input />
  </Form.Item>
  <Form.Item messageVariables={{ label: 'good' }} label={<span>user</span>}>
    <Input />
  </Form.Item>
</Form>

Form.List

Provides array management for fields.

Property	Description	Type	Default	Version
children	Render function	(fields: Field[], operation: { add, remove, move }, meta: { errors }) => React.ReactNode	-
initialValue	Config sub default value. Form initialValues get higher priority when conflict	any[]	-	4.9.0
name	Field name, support array	NamePath	-
rules	Validate rules, only support customize validator. Should work with ErrorList	{ validator, message }[]	-	4.7.0

<Form.List>
  {fields => (
    <div>
      {fields.map(field => (
        <Form.Item {...field}>
          <Input />
        </Form.Item>
      ))}
    </div>
  )}
</Form.List>

Note: You should not configure Form.Item initialValue under Form.List. It always should be configured by Form.List initialValue or Form initialValues.

operation

Some operator functions in render form of Form.List.

Property	Description	Type	Default	Version
add	add form item	(defaultValue?: any, insertIndex?: number) => void	insertIndex	4.6.0
move	move form item	(from: number, to: number) => void	-
remove	remove form item	(index: number | number[]) => void	number[]	4.5.0

Form.ErrorList

New in 4.7.0. Show error messages, should only work with rules of Form.List. See example.

Property	Description	Type	Default
errors	Error list	ReactNode[]	-

Form.Provider

Provide linkage between forms. If a sub form with name prop update, it will auto trigger Provider related events. See example.

Property	Description	Type	Default
onFormChange	Triggered when a sub form field updates	function(formName: string, info: { changedFields, forms })	-
onFormFinish	Triggered when a sub form submits	function(formName: string, info: { values, forms })	-

<Form.Provider
  onFormFinish={name => {
    if (name === 'form1') {
      // Do something...
    }
  }}
>
  <Form name="form1">...</Form>
  <Form name="form2">...</Form>
</Form.Provider>

FormInstance

Name	Description	Type	Version
getFieldError	Get the error messages by the field name	(name: NamePath) => string[]
getFieldInstance	Get field instance	(name: NamePath) => any	4.4.0
getFieldsError	Get the error messages by the fields name. Return as an array	(nameList?: NamePath[]) => FieldError[]
getFieldsValue	Get values by a set of field names. Return according to the corresponding structure. Default return mounted field value, but you can use getFieldsValue(true) to get all values	(nameList?: NamePath[], filterFunc?: (meta: { touched: boolean, validating: boolean }) => boolean) => any
getFieldValue	Get the value by the field name	(name: NamePath) => any
isFieldsTouched	Check if fields have been operated. Check if all fields is touched when allTouched is true	(nameList?: NamePath[], allTouched?: boolean) => boolean
isFieldTouched	Check if a field has been operated	(name: NamePath) => boolean
isFieldValidating	Check field if is in validating	(name: NamePath) => boolean
resetFields	Reset fields to initialValues	(fields?: NamePath[]) => void
scrollToField	Scroll to field position	(name: NamePath, options: [ScrollOptions]) => void
setFields	Set fields status	(fields: FieldData[]) => void
setFieldsValue	Set fields value(Will directly pass to form store. If you do not want to modify passed object, please clone first)	(values) => void
submit	Submit the form. It's same as click submit button	() => void
validateFields	Validate fields	(nameList?: NamePath[]) => Promise

validateFields return sample

validateFields()
  .then(values => {
    /*
  values:
    {
      username: 'username',
      password: 'password',
    }
  */
  })
  .catch(errorInfo => {
    /*
    errorInfo:
      {
        values: {
          username: 'username',
          password: 'password',
        },
        errorFields: [
          { name: ['password'], errors: ['Please input your Password!'] },
        ],
        outOfDate: false,
      }
    */
  });

Hooks

Form.useForm

type Form.useForm = (): [FormInstance]

Create Form instance to maintain data store.

Form.useFormInstance

type Form.useFormInstance = (): FormInstance

Added in 4.20.0. Get current context form instance to avoid pass as props between components:

const Sub = () => {
  const form = Form.useFormInstance();

  return <Button onClick={() => form.setFieldsValue({})} />;
};

export default () => {
  const [form] = Form.useForm();

  return (
    <Form form={form}>
      <Sub />
    </Form>
  );
};

Form.useWatch

type Form.useWatch = (namePath: NamePath, formInstance: FormInstance): Value

Added in 4.20.0. Watch the value of a field. You can use this to interactive with other hooks like useSWR to reduce develop cost:

const Demo = () => {
  const [form] = Form.useForm();
  const userName = Form.useWatch('username', form);

  const { data: options } = useSWR(`/api/user/${userName}`, fetcher);

  return (
    <Form form={form}>
      <Form.Item name="username">
        <AutoComplete options={options} />
      </Form.Item>
    </Form>
  );
};

Difference between other data fetching method

Form only update the Field which changed to avoid full refresh perf issue. Thus you can not get real time value with getFieldsValue in render. And useWatch will rerender current component to sync with latest value. You can also use Field renderProps to get better performance if only want to do conditional render. If component no need care field value change, you can use onValuesChange to give to parent component to avoid current one rerender.

Interface

NamePath

string | number | (string | number)[]

FieldData

Name	Description	Type
errors	Error messages	string[]
name	Field name path	NamePath[]
touched	Whether is operated	boolean
validating	Whether is in validating	boolean
value	Field value	any

Rule

Rule supports a config object, or a function returning config object:

type Rule = RuleConfig | ((form: FormInstance) => RuleConfig);

Name	Description	Type	Version
defaultField	Validate rule for all array elements, valid when type is array	rule
enum	Match enum value. You need to set type to enum to enable this	any[]
fields	Validate rule for child elements, valid when type is array or object	Record<string, rule>
len	Length of string, number, array	number
max	type required: max length of string, number, array	number
message	Error message. Will auto generate by template if not provided	string
min	type required: min length of string, number, array	number
pattern	Regex pattern	RegExp
required	Required field	boolean
transform	Transform value to the rule before validation	(value) => any
type	Normally string |number |boolean |url | email. More type to ref here	string
validateTrigger	Set validate trigger event. Must be the sub set of validateTrigger in Form.Item	string | string[]
validator	Customize validation rule. Accept Promise as return. See example	(rule, value) => Promise
warningOnly	Warning only. Not block form submit	boolean	4.17.0
whitespace	Failed if only has whitespace, only work with type: 'string' rule	boolean

Migrate to v4

If you are a user of v3, you can ref migrate doc。

FAQ

Custom validator not working

It may be caused by your validator if it has some errors that prevents callback to be called. You can use async instead or use try...catch to catch the error:

validator: async (rule, value) => {
  throw new Error('Something wrong!');
}

// or

validator(rule, value, callback) => {
  try {
    throw new Error('Something wrong!');
  } catch (err) {
    callback(err);
  }
}

How does name fill value when it's an array?

name will fill value by array order. When there exists number in it and no related field in form store, it will auto convert field to array. If you want to keep it as object, use string like: ['1', 'name'].

Why is there a form warning when used in Modal?

Warning: Instance created by useForm is not connect to any Form element. Forget to pass form prop?

Before Modal opens, children elements do not exist in the view. You can set forceRender on Modal to pre-render its children. Click here to view an example.

Why is component defaultValue not working when inside Form.Item?

Components inside Form.Item with name property will turn into controlled mode, which makes defaultValue not work anymore. Please try initialValues of Form to set default value.

Why can not call ref of Form at first time?

ref only receives the mounted instance. please ref React official doc: https://reactjs.org/docs/refs-and-the-dom.html#accessing-refs

Why will resetFields re-mount component?

resetFields will re-mount component under Field to clean up customize component side effects (like async data, cached state, etc.). It's by design.

Difference between Form initialValues and Item initialValue?

In most case, we always recommend to use Form initialValues. Use Item initialValue only with dynamic field usage. Priority follows the rules:

1. Form initialValues is the first priority
2. Field initialValue is secondary *. Does not work when multiple Item with same name setting the initialValue

Why does onFieldsChange trigger three times on change when field sets rules?

Validating is also part of the value updating. It pass follow steps:

1. Trigger value change
2. Rule validating
3. Rule validated

In each onFieldsChange, you will get false > true > false with isFieldValidating.

Why doesn't Form.List support label and need ErrorList to show errors?

Form.List use renderProps which mean internal structure is flexible. Thus label and error can not have best place. If you want to use antd label, you can wrap with Form.Item instead.

Why can't Form.Item dependencies work on Form.List field?

Your name path should also contain Form.List name:

<Form.List name="users">
  {fields =>
    fields.map(field => (
      <React.Fragment key={field.key}>
        <Form.Item name={[field.name, 'name']} {...someRest1} />
        <Form.Item name={[field.name, 'age']} {...someRest1} />
      </React.Fragment>
    ))
  }
</Form.List>

dependencies should be ['users', 0, 'name']

Why doesn't normalize support async?

React can not get correct interaction of controlled component with async value update. When user trigger onChange, component will do no response since value update is async. If you want to trigger value update async, you should use customize component to handle value state internal and pass sync value control to Form instead.

scrollToFirstError and scrollToField not working on custom form control?

See similar issues: #28370 #27994

scrollToFirstError and scrollToField deps on id attribute passed to form control, please mark sure that it hasn't been ignored in your custom form control. Check codesandbox for solution.

setFieldsValue do not trigger onFieldsChange or onValuesChange?

It's by design. Only user interactive can trigger the change event. This design is aim to avoid call setFieldsValue in change event which may makes loop calling.